HIP : Host Identity Protocol (RFC 5205)
Method of separating the end-point identifier and locator roles of IP addresses.

SIG : Signature (RFC 2535)
Signature record used in SIG(0) (RFC 2931). Until RFC 3755 was published, the SIG record was part of DNSSEC; now RRSIG is used for that.

LOC : Location record (RFC 1876)
Specifies a geographical location associated with a domain name

NS : name server record (RFC 1035)
Delegates a DNS zone to use the given authoritative name servers

AFSDB : AFS database record (RFC 1183)
Location of database servers of an AFS cell. This record is commonly used by AFS clients to contact AFS cells outside their local domain. A subtype of this record is used by the obsolete DCE/DFS file system.

NSEC : Next-Secure record (RFC 4034)
Part of DNSSEC—used to prove a name does not exist. Uses the same format as the (obsolete) NXT record.

SRV : Service locator (RFC 2782)
Generalized service location record, used for newer protocols instead of creating protocol-specific records such as MX.

A : address record (RFC 1035)
Returns a 32-bit IPv4 address, most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host, but also used for DNSBLs, storing subnet masks in RFC 1101, etc.

CERT : Certificate record (RFC 4398)
Stores PKIX, SPKI, PGP, etc.

MX : mail exchange record (RFC 1035)
Maps a domain name to a list of mail exchange servers for that domain

NAPTR : Naming Authority Pointer (RFC 3403)
Allows regular expression based rewriting of domain names which can then be used as URIs, further domain names to lookups, etc.

RRSIG : DNSSEC signature (RFC 4034)
Signature for a DNSSEC-secured record set. Uses the same format as the SIG record.

DLV : DNSSEC Lookaside Validation record (RFC 4431)
For publishing DNSSEC trust anchors outside of the DNS delegation chain. Uses the same format as the DS record. RFC 5074 describes a way of using these records.

DHCID : DHCP identifier (RFC 4701)
Used in conjunction with the FQDN option to DHCP

SSHFP : SSH Public Key Fingerprint (RFC 4255)
Resource record for publishing SSH public host key fingerprints in the DNS System, in order to aid in verifying the authenticity of the host.

DNSKEY : DNS Key record (RFC 4034)
The key record used in DNSSEC. Uses the same format as the KEY record.

NSEC3PARAM : NSEC3 parameters (RFC 5155)
Parameter record for use with NSEC3

DNAME : delegation name (RFC 2672)
DNAME will delegate an entire portion of the DNS tree under a new name. In contrast, the CNAME record creates an alias of a single name. Like the CNAME record, the DNS lookup will continue by retrying the lookup with the new name.